There are lots of companies that make conductor heads, which is what is pictured there, the scupper typically drains through a raised edge or a parapet wall. These are normally two different items, a drip edge (or fascia/gravel stop) on the roof that drains into a conductor head.
Here is a...
As far as the flat roofs are concerned, there are plenty of membranes with high puncture strengths. You can add a gypsum-based coverboard and really ramp up the puncture resistance. In areas with a lot of snow, you would probably want a thicker EPDM so that the sun would help to melt the snow.