The receptacle you show is two hots and a neutral, with no provisions for a ground. Grounds are D shaped pins, never flat.
Second, If the compressor has a motor starter (you show pics of one) it is at least five actual horsepower. That plug, or just about any plug you will find (other than expensive sleeve and pin setups) will only have a horsepower rating of no more than 3 hp.
Third issue is the connections in the starter relay are most likely not designed for the fine stranded wire used in CORD (as opposed to the course stranding used in stranded WIRE such as THHN. There is a difference.
You should be hardwiring the compressor using THHN wire in a flex conduit of some sort, to a junction on the wall or a disconnect.
You are required to have a disconnect in line of sight of the compressor and no more than 50 ft from the compressor.
Charles
edit: if you were to use a receptacle, here is what it would look like. NEMA 6-50 rated for up to 250 volts.
Be aware that there is a NEMA 5-50 which is a 125 volt plug and receptacle, which looks like this, just that the wide and flat blade positions are reversed and The wide blade is a gray or silver (denoting neutral).