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Waldes-Truarc: From Ladies Dress Clasps to Snap Rings & Nazi Revenge

Private Lugnutz

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If the funny title hooked you, I'll cut right to the chase.

Smart Jewish mensch named Jindrich Waldes in Prague, Czechoslovakia, invents and patents a clever jeweled clasp for ladies dresses that his company makes and sells a bazillion of in factories in Prague, Dresden, Milan, and elsewhere, including Long Island in the Roaring 20's, branded with exotic names, such as Koh-I-Noor (after a famous diamond), which he TM'ed in 1902. If you really want to nerd out and discover your inner Alan Alda and your inner historian-fashionista, Waldes & Company published a really cool pamphlet in 1922, linked here, tracing the history of the dress clasp from animal bones to Cleopatra to his Koh-i-Noor.

In the 1930’s he is approached by a few industrialists who notice that the principles of the clasp also makes a very useful clip for other applications, such as the wrist pins in early pistons and brakes and many other mechanical components.

Yes, I'm talking about "snap rings" ("circlips" in the UK)!

In my tools research, I occasionally run into this "Progress is Fine, but…" blogspot and the owner does a very nice job of summarizing the Waldes history in an article linked here. If you want a really good short read with neat period images, I highly recommend it.

But if you’re in a hurry to get to the revenge part, here is a bio I found for Waldes in a book called the Universal Jewish Encyclopedia.

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That was published in 1943, two years after Waldes' death in 1941, just a few weeks after arriving in the US, via Cuba, after escaping the death camps.

He never got to see it, but the coolest part of the story for me comes next.

The US military (including the commission that established Army-Navy (“AN”) parts standards) standardized all their snap rings on the Waldes Koh-I-Noor type, and his company made a crapload of them during WWII. Pliers, too, of course, to open and close them. So many that after the war they changed their name tp Waldes Kohinoor.

They also made $7,544,000 worth of 20mm anti-aircraft projectiles, bombs, bomb tails, and bomb tail fuzes. That's a lot of fuzes, AA rounds, and bombs. From the grave, he literally had a hand in blasting the Nazis to hell.

:rocker:

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Private Lugnutz

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This is the Waldes Truarc brand snap ring plier, found yesterday at a flea market, that prompted this thread.

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I have others - including two (2) other No. 2’s, a No. 4, and a No. 215, which is the tiny one in the group with the offset jaws.

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But the one I just found has a Circle-WK “(WK)” logo, for Waldes-Kohinoor, which I have never seen before. It also has a Naval Air Station marking (“NAS 25-87”) and the reissued patent RE18144 from August 4, 1931.

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These are indispensable for snap rings, but I find them useful for other precision jobs as well, including ratchet retainers.

Oddly, for as common as these are, including the vintage examples like mine, we didn't have a thread for them. Waldes isn't even listed in the A-Z US Mfgrs list thread!

If you noticed, they have various markings and variations. I'm not sure how to date them. But I am willing to give it a go this year. Catalogs and ads would help.
 

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Private Lugnutz

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Just for some color, here is an ad from a German trade mag in the 1920's for the Waldes Koh-I-Noor ladies dress clasp (see Pic 1) and, after the design was leveraged for snap rings, the 1943 (first use in 1942) USPTO Gazette Trademark entry for "TRUARC" by Waldes Koh-I-Noor, Inc., Long Island City, N.Y.
 

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JHuston

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what a fantastic story! I've had a set of Waldes Truarc no. 5's for ages, but didn't know anything about the backstory.

-James Huston
 
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Private Lugnutz

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If you mean the original ladies dress clasps, I'm not sure, mitusa. They do look solid in the ads, as opposed to open, like retaining rings. Perhaps they work on the sample principle (expansion), just not requiring pliers to remove. :)
 

Dave455

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I believe that Koh-I-Noor are a very old and well established Czech company, who were making all manner of things prior to dress clasps and circlips. I assume it’s the same firm.

They are best known today for their pencils and writing instruments.

Here are some of mine.

Koh-I-Noor are one of the few firms to offer clutch pencils / lead holders in a length suitable for the pocket. They are still made in Prague in the Czech Republic. I use these a good deal!

I didn’t know of Waldes, or very much about the history of the circlip.

Those Waldes Truarc pliers, though simple, look to be of decent quality. None seem to have very much wear on the tips.
 

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Private Lugnutz

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Same company, sort of*, called Waldes & Company originally. Koh-I-Noor was one of their trademarks. I covered some of the history in posts I am guessing you skimmed a little, Dave, and the second link in post #1 goes into far greater detail on the history and the corporate evolution of the snap ring/circlip part of the enterprise here in the US and now globally. *In short, the modern vestiges of the original dress clasp factory and operations in Prague, seized and nationalized by the Nazis, no longer have any connection.
 
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Private Lugnutz

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I take that back, Dave. Thank goodness I double-checked, and for Wiki disambiguation, linked here.

Believe it or not, it's just a strange coincidence that a company called Koh-i-Noor (full name Koh-i-Noor Hardtmuth), making writing and art supplies, is located in Prague. It is definitely a separate company and always has been. Koh-i-Noor Hardtmuth, which dates back to 1790, and the 1902 Waldes & Company trademark, both were inspired by the name of the famous diamond. Hardtmuth first used it as a brand name in 1889, and, like so many other companies (Channellock, True Temper, etc), the brand outgrew the company name, and was changed to take advantage of that. I shouldn't have assumed it was the former Waldes & Co factory and operations.
 

Dave455

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Yes, strange they should both be in the same city, and pick the same name! I did read your post, but I was thinking “no, they go back much further than that”!

Maybe it’s the Czech equivalent of “Acme”!

I have a lot of respect for Czech engineering, especially from the pre war period.

I had a great uncle who took a tour of Central Europe in 1938, buying odd bits and pieces as he went. He bought a complete car in Czechoslovakia (as it was then) and had it shipped to the U.K.

There were some tools that he bought with it, as metric was rare back then. They’re not held by my side of the family, but I must ask what’s there!
 
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Private Lugnutz

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He bought a complete car in Czechoslovakia (as it was then) and had it shipped to the U.K.
Was it a Skoda (pronounced Shh-coda)?

My heritage is 100% Slovak. My maternal and paternal grandparents were all born near Bratislava and Kosice, in what is today Slovakia, what was at that time part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and what was always viewed as the sort of folksy rust belt/agrarian (Appalachia here would not at all be an erroneous analogy) "half" ("third" would be more accurate, but most people neglect the Moravians in the middle, who never really had their own geopolitical 'nation') of the country that was later known as Czechoslovakia. They emigrated between 1900 and 1913.

And I share your appreciation.
 

tool_scrounge

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Thanks for your research on Waldes-Truarc. I have 10 of them, with their history unknown other than they probably came from garage sales over the years.

The first photo is of the three smallest ones. The top one is labeled Waldes 18-23. The bottom two are labeled as Proto USA 388.

The second photo is of two Waldes-Truarc plier No. 1. Note the number appears to be the plier series size, not specifically the style of tip (straight or right angle).

The third photo is of two Waldes-Truarc plier No. 2, which is slightly bigger than the No. 1 style

The fourth photo is of one Waldes-Truarc plier No. 4, which is even bigger.

The firth photo is of one of each size of the pliers in my collection for size comparison.
 

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tool_scrounge

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In addition to making pliers for Proto, it looks like Waldes-Truarc made them for other companies.

The first two photos are of a Waldes-Truarc plier No. 22, which is also labeled as a Snap-on PRS-22.

The third and fourth photos are of one that looks identical to a Waldes-Truarc No. 2 but is labeled Milbar No. 2 USA. Milbar Corporation of Chagrin Falls, Ohio is specialty tool manufacturer founded in 1956. Milbar to be mostly known for their wire twisting tools.
 

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Private Lugnutz

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Thanks, scrounge. Nice collection!

Mine have all come from similar circumstances (flea markets, though).

I have never found a No. 1. Good to know they're out there.

Your tiny pliers look like my tiniest one, which has a number "215" on that jaws collar. I don't know for sure if that's a model number or not (frankly, it doesn't seem to follow the pattern), but I referred to it as a No. 215 in post #2 above.

My No. 4 is missing the stop and the spring.

This is hard to see in the photos I have posted, by the thumbscrew on the stop on one of my No. 2's is knurled, the other one is not, and they are not marked exactly the same on the handles, so I suspect those are from close but different production years.

These are the kinds of distinctions that brochures, catalogs, and ads might help us with. To that end, Twertsy has listed a few Waldes-Truarc brochures and catalogs in his 'Machinery & Equipment Catalogs' thread, early 70's, but one as old as '52, which will probably be the most helpful for research purposes for our examples. And I have already asked him to hold them for me. In looking at some pages in some catalogs from the 70's for sale on eBay, they got considerably more sophisticated than these earlier models, and also grew plastic handle grips over the years.
 

misterbill

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Look at you making me go dig through my "to be researched" box! :lol:

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Bill
 

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Dave455

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Was it a Skoda (pronounced Shh-coda)?

My heritage is 100% Slovak. My maternal and paternal grandparents were all born near Bratislava and Kosice, in what is today Slovakia, what was at that time part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and what was always viewed as the sort of folksy rust belt/agrarian (Appalachia here would not at all be an erroneous analogy) "half" ("third" would be more accurate, but most people neglect the Moravians in the middle, who never really had their own geopolitical 'nation') of the country that was later known as Czechoslovakia. They emigrated between 1900 and 1913.

And I share your appreciation.

No, it was a Tatra.

Rear engined, seated 6, would do close to 100mph, with powered steering and brakes. Very advanced for 1938.

Having bought it, the war broke out, so my Great Uncle stored it (basically new) till the war was over. He was still driving it in the early 70’ when I was a lad!

I thought it was seriously “cool”. Still do.

I suspect that with your background you might agree!
 

RTM

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The third and fourth photos are of one that looks identical to a Waldes-Truarc No. 2 but is labeled Milbar No. 2 USA. Milbar Corporation of Chagrin Falls, Ohio is specialty tool manufacturer founded in 1956. Milbar to be mostly known for their wire twisting tools.

Thanks for a poke to go searching. An In-Law grew up in Chagrin Falls, and took me to their downtown Old Time Hardware Store on my last visit there. Hit the ice cream shop nearby too.

But anyway, I decided to look up Milbar. Interesting in that it was bought out by Stride Tools, who was owned by the daughter of Milbar’s founder. May have to dig more on that later.

https://stridetool.com/about-us/history/
 
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Dave455

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I know that car. Jay Leno has one. They're beautiful in the same way a Ghia or even a Messerschmidt is.

I didn’t know that. He obviously has a degree of good taste!

If I was to compile a list of the very best motor cars of all time, then the Tatra would probably be on it, together with things like the pre war 3.5 litre Bentley, the post war Bristols, and the Mercedes 300 SL. Very few modern cars would make it on there!

It’s generally forgotten now, but the Czechs pretty much led the world in vehicle design before the war. Many of the vehicles operated by the German army, such as the Panzer 38, were Czech designed and built.

The famous Bren gun, probably the best Light Machine Gun of all time, was also a Czech design originally.

Apart from the well known Wera offerings though, I can’t recall ever having seen any Czech hand tools. They must have made some, and probably quite decent, but I’ve never seen any.
 
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Private Lugnutz

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Apart from the well known Wera offerings though, I can’t recall ever having seen any Czech hand tools. They must have made some, and probably quite decent, but I’ve never seen any.
A company called Tona made some high quality tools in the 50's and 60's. I have a 1/2-inch drive set I will likely never complete. I posted several photos in the "Old World" thread, linked here.
 

elidas

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No, it was a Tatra.

Rear engined, seated 6, would do close to 100mph, with powered steering and brakes. Very advanced for 1938.

Having bought it, the war broke out, so my Great Uncle stored it (basically new) till the war was over. He was still driving it in the early 70’ when I was a lad!

I thought it was seriously “cool”. Still do.

I suspect that with your background you might agree!

Looks Like this? This was at Lime Rock Connecticut.
 

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elidas

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Was it a Skoda (pronounced Shh-coda)?

My heritage is 100% Slovak. My maternal and paternal grandparents were all born near Bratislava and Kosice, in what is today Slovakia, what was at that time part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and what was always viewed as the sort of folksy rust belt/agrarian (Appalachia here would not at all be an erroneous analogy) "half" ("third" would be more accurate, but most people neglect the Moravians in the middle, who never really had their own geopolitical 'nation') of the country that was later known as Czechoslovakia. They emigrated between 1900 and 1913.

And I share your appreciation.

My fathers people were Lemko. Another Eastern European group people never heard of.
 

Mick56

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Here's a pair of PRS34 Waldes Snap On convertible snap ring pliers I had.
 

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Private Lugnutz

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Thanks for posting, Mick. That's a beaut. I was going to guess no earlier than 1947 based on the Snap-on logo, and I was right. That patent - designed for both internal and external snap rings, was granted March 27, 1951. Note the relatively high model number (Waldes Truarc No. 34, Snap-on PRS 34) compared to the examples that I and Scrounge have shown. I think that may be telling. By 1966 they had a dozen or so different types and styles of retaining rings, and half as many types of pliers designed to install and remove them.
 
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Private Lugnutz

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Probably an appropriate time to post these images I "appropriated" (read: took) from the sales ad for a 1972 Waldes-Truarc catalog on eBay. Much later than I want to collect, but interesting nonetheless, and potentially helpful as we gather more and more sources, in a sort of reverse engineering respect. The retaining rings they were making were more diverse (see Pic 1), and the pliers more sophisticated (see Pic 3), with higher model numbers, but if we have to back our way into the vintage era from there, so be it.
 

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JoCoSawdust

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Any story with dead Nazis in it is a good one but that OEM name was sticking in my head. I knew I'd seen it before but couldn't place it. Stumbled across these in my tool box this morning while looking for something else. If memory serves, I got them in a machinist box I picked up a couple of years ago. Thanks for the history lesson Lugz!

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JoCoSawdust

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Nothing to indicate a date that I can find Lugz but I'm thinking 1960s as well from the imagery and packaging. I think today was the first time they were ever out of the box. One pair has taken on some kind of greenish hue from, I suppose, environmental conditions. These are much better built than the interchangeable tip Taiwainese pieces of **** I've been using. I'll probably put these to work.

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Private Lugnutz

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Thanks. Those look like the pliers in the 1972 catalog I grabbed off an eBay sale and posted above, some of which have 4 digit model numbers. But I don't when they started doing that. I'm waiting for some 1966 catalogs. I know you realize this, but it's cool seeing the "INT." and "EXT." for internal and external snap rings on the box.
 
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Private Lugnutz

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I paid more than I would've liked for these - a 1966 Rings Catalog, Catalog of Pliers and Assembly Tools, and Pliers Price List, but I'm glad I did.

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Here are my notes...

1. It looks like we can go back at least as early as 1958 with these publications. See Pic 4.

2. My intuition was good on these catalogs having some backwards compatibility. The tables inside all include old model numbers for customers trying to figure out what new pliers to order based on their old pliers. This gives us the link between 1966 and the 1940's vintage pliers.

3. I thought I was missing a steel clip spring inside my No. 4 pliers, but they may be
what Waldes Truarc defined as "Field Pliers", which did not have stops, springs, or formed handles.

4. Tool-Scrounge's hunch was correct. Angle Tip pliers were special order and had the same model numbers as the same pliers with straight tips.

5. The handsome black finish on these is not black oxide, it's black phosphate.

I will post key excerpts soon.
 

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Private Lugnutz

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Here are some excerpts from the GENERAL INFORMATION page...
 

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Private Lugnutz

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Standard Internal Pliers - Pics 1, 2, & 3.

Standard External Pliers - Pics 4, 5, 6, & 7.
 

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d42jeep

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Here are my No.3 pair. They are autographed by the previous owner.
-Don
 

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