You have a really rare Columbian no. 34 machinist vise, with a custom base as mentioned before. The "Patent Applied" casting would indicate that your vise is from the era of (1917-1919), give or take. The patent was applied for on Oct. 11, 1917 and granted on Sep. 2, 1919.
Here's some photos of another Columbian no. 34 vise to compare with your vise.
Nice find! I like the custom base.
Edit: I found an early (1914) magazine ad showing your Columbian vise, "Patent Applied For" with the hollowed casting. This obviously precedes the official applied for date on the patent.
With the style of the meatball on the screw spindle and rare model #, I'd say your vise is the very earliest of the Columbian "Patent Applied For", hollowed casted malleable vises.