Oh, No, it's Mister Bill!!

I see that you're a fellow southerner, so I can tell you that living through mountain winters is quite a bit different than my days in the deep south. Back home, we sometimes experienced corrosion issues, due to the humidity we lived with, but the work "stuck" can take on a whole different meaning here - especially in sub-zero conditions. Nothing personal, but the word "patience" also has a different meaning under our nasty winter conditions as well.
In the end, the problem was a poorly-designed, cheaply-constructed, stamped-out Chinese hitch latch that doesn't even incorporate any form of cam action to move the latch mechanism. Once again, a ball hitch like this one has no place on a high quality American made equipment trailer, so the ultimate solution will be to bolt one of our Curt pintle rings to the trailer and go right back to employing the pintle hitches we switched to many years ago (for our heavy duty trailers). In fact, I highly recommend this type of setup to anyone who's ever had to go through anything like the stuck ball hitch story I did my best to describe in the OP.
By the way, I gave your post a like yesterday, so, once again, nothing personal intended. Thank you for contributing.