To avoid these ads, REGISTER NOW!

Heating with waste oil - what a project

Bennie

Well-known member
Joined
Jun 13, 2011
Messages
181
Location
Belle Plaine, MN
Requested by Charles!

This will no doubt take a few days to finish this post. I'll get it started with some pictures. Please excuse whatever mess there may be. This is a work in progress. It's up and running but there are a few changes yet to be made.

First off, thanks GJ. I found you guys when I was researching this this project. sewerzuk started a great thread and it was extreamly helpful. Thank you sewerzuk! My Dad was a hugh help as well getting everything setup. Thanks Dad! I hope people will be able to use this info to help with their own projects.

Where to start???? I have been working on this project for over a year. I originally broke it down in to 3 sub projects.
1. Collecting / filtering / storing oil.
2. Converting the boiler to burn waste oil. - so easy
3. Installing / setting up the system. - SOOO many hours...

My filtering consists of a piece of window screen first (I can't believe how much this does. I am constantly replacing it.), then I pump it in to a 275 gallon tote and filter it with a 10 micron filter from northern. I made the funnel and it works really slick. Since it screws in to the standard 2" NTP barrel opening it obviously does not move and doubles as a great place to drain oil filters. I have a few friends saving oil for me and I have given them 30 gallon barrels with the same funnels. I have gotten some pretty crappy oil from certain people. Some people seem to have a 50/50 oil water mixture going on. If you leave it outside when it's below freezing you can then pour the oil right off the top. :)

IMG_0621_zpse9f42cd5.jpg


This pump is from my Grandpa. He used to use it to pump his old oil on to the gravel road back in the day. I just added the FILTER.

IMG_0606_zpsa54ec620.jpg


The entire setup is out in my shed. It's setup like an outdoor wood boiler. The supply tote is up in the loft and gravity feeds to the boiler. You can see the copper tubing feeding off the bottom. The real flue is the one on the left. The other stuff is just extra.

IMG_0597_zps9530fd01.jpg


Most of the copper tubing is coiled on top of my hot water tote to preheat the oil. It works very well, however, it's cooled down a bit before it actually makes it through the float tank and to the burner. More work need to be done on that. You can see all the spray foam used to help insulate the tote. You can also see some of the plumbing. The 2 pipes headed away from the camera are the loop that goes to the house. The large iron pipe is outgoing and pulls from the top of the tote. The smaller return pex goes to the bottom of the tote. The other pex with the red tape is coming from the boiler and dumps at the top of the tote. The return line to the boiler is fed off the drain on the bottom of the tote. I used a boiler corrosion treatment in the water but no anti freeze. There is about 260 gallons of water in this tote.

IMG_0605_zpsbc6c9823.jpg


Right after the tote preheat the oil goes through a screen water filter from Menards. It works well and also does a good job of seperating some of the water. I have a small bucket hanging below it so I can easily drain it whenever I want.

IMG_0604_zps23885654.jpg


There is a lot going on in this pic. You can see the circulator pump to the left of the boiler. It runs whenever the boiler is running. My Dad put the small air compressor together. It's a 3 gallon tank, a big compressor, a .5hp motor and a well switch. It is VERY quite because it is totally under driven. It kick on at 20psi and off at 30psi. There are a few kinks to work out of it so right now I'm running of the big compressor. I mounted the compressor and boiler on an aluminum base together so if they ever need to get moved you can just roll a pallet jack under them.

IMG_0598_zpseb4a7688.jpg


I converted a $100 craigslist Burnham V7 boiler with a Wayne burner. http://www.ckburners.com/ Thanks Craig!

I bought a combustion analizer to setup the burner. It came with a draft gauge too. These are things that are absolutly needed when you are setting up a waste oil burner.
A few notes here. I installed an outlet on the side of the aquastat so that I can just unplug the burner or circulator pump for servicing. Makes life a little easier. I added a time delay relay on the burner so it preheats for however long you want before firing. This may or may not be needed, if it's needed it's because my oil is NOT 50*F so allowing the nozzle block to absolutely heat to 180*F before firing can't be a bad this. My float tank is just to the right of the burner. I am pulling oil from the middle of it and have a drain on the bottom of it. I drain it a little every so often because any water in the system will settle here. Up on top I have a barometric damper and a whole house water filter. The boiler was a little nasty so rather than nastyfying 300 gallons of water I just installed the filter. It has worked great and is probably not needed anymore.

IMG_0600_zpsf99256b4.jpg

IMG_0603_zps09a41653.jpg


Here is the main circulator pump that runs 24/7. The house is fed with 3/4" pex. Yes, I now know that's not "big enough", but I don't think it will be a problem. There is only so much heat I can pull off the water and it seems to keep up.

IMG_0601_zps01f4ea34.jpg


Once the hot water makes it to the house it goes through 3 heat exchangers. The first one is the sidearm for the water heater. It's a 105 gallon Marathon water heater. I added a bypass so I can bypass the exchanger but I can't imagine why I would need to.

IMG_0608_zps2c61e6d8.jpg


Here is the mixing valve I added for domestic hot water.

IMG_0609_zps50757883.jpg


This is the second heat exchanger. I was manufactured in 1962, is 4" in diamter and 7ft. long and weights a ton. There is 46ft. of 1/2" copper inside of it. The output side is connected to the end cap and heads over the the infloor system, more on that later....

IMG_0612_zpsb7b156e8.jpg


Here is the manifold for the last heat exchanger. The last heat exchanger is a water to air unit installed in the furnace plenum. It 16"x18"x3" and rated at 50Kbtu @ 140* and 100Kbtu @ 180*.

IMG_0611_zpsacbbcc1a.jpg

IMG_0618_zps2cf7f4c8.jpg


Here's the infloor system. As you can see it was originally installed with an electric boiler. Nothing has been disconnected but my Dad and I added a lot of plumbing to this board. There is a mixing valve installed and now instead of looping through the electric boiler it loops through the #2 heat exchanger. The purpose of the exchanger is to keep this system as untouched and "by the book" as possible. The system is pressureized and has antifreeze in it, the main boiler system does not. The infloor system has 2 zones. One zone is for heating the garage, the other zone is for heating the 2 lower levels of our 4 level split.

IMG_0613_zps9cdcb8dd.jpg


The main thermostat works just like it always did with one exception, the "heat" wire in now hooked up to the "fan only" contact in the furnace. When the thermostat calls for heat it just turns the fan on now. I added a second thermostat as backup. This thermostat is set lower and will actually call for heat if something fails in the boiler system. I installed a relay in the furnace that will interupt the "fan only" input if this thermostat calls for heat. Maybe nothing bad would happen if they were both calling at the same time but this way my funace is for sure safe.

IMG_0620_zpsebeeb27a.jpg


Probably missed a few things. One thing I can say is that you can't really over do it with thermometers and ball valves. When a problem pops up the last thing you want to worry about is draining a punch of smokin' hot water when an extra valve could have been installed. It's very easy to read the system when you have thermometers everywhere. I can see exactly what the temp drop is across each heat exchanger as well as the infloor system. My infloor system originally didn't even have thermometer.

To date I have under $2,000 in this system (not including the combustion analizer). I have burned about 275 gallons of oil so far. It literally puts a big smile on my face every time I take a nice hot shower thinking about how I turned off the water heater back in October. The house is 3,400sqft. and the garage is 980sqft. Garage is kept at 62* always. It's been as cold as 0* out and the system doesn't seem to care.
 
Last edited:
To avoid these ads, REGISTER NOW!

jemun

Member
Joined
Nov 28, 2011
Messages
15
Hi
Nice setup. I have a waste oil furnace in my shop, also converted from heating oil. I would love to see and read some more about your system
Jeff
 

walrus

Well-known member
Joined
Nov 12, 2008
Messages
11,679
Location
Maine
Nice, good job, what do you do with the oil that has water in it or may be I should ask what do you do with the water that has oil in it?
 

Charles (in GA)

Well-known member
Joined
Jan 11, 2006
Messages
12,489
Location
50 mi south of Atlanta
Nice, good job, what do you do with the oil that has water in it or may be I should ask what do you do with the water that has oil in it?

I have been given a fair amount of "perfectly clean" used oil that turns out to be water laden. I can usually pour off a fair amount of UN-contaminated oil but end up with a sludgy mess to deal with and I plan to burn it in the burn barrel in the back yard (we can burn from Oct 1 to May 1 here). After I get a fire going with limbs and heavy stuff, I start dumping the "mix" onto the fire. Its so hot the water simply boils off, and the oil burns. I've got rid of a bunch of **** that way.

If I had the money, I'd have a simple centrifuge and separate the stuff into it's pure components.

Charles
 
OP
B

Bennie

Well-known member
Joined
Jun 13, 2011
Messages
181
Location
Belle Plaine, MN
Very impressive.

Is there a Rube Goldberg Award available from the GFJ?

LOL, so true! Maybe that's why I have so many hours in it. :) I didn't even realize that's what I was building. The amazing part about it all is how seemless it works.

Hi
Nice setup. I have a waste oil furnace in my shop, also converted from heating oil. I would love to see and read some more about your system
Jeff

Obviously I didn't detail the conversion of the burner itself. Honestly it was a very small part of this project and ckburners provided great instructions. If you have any questions though, I will definitely do my best to answer them.

Nice, good job, what do you do with the oil that has water in it or may be I should ask what do you do with the water that has oil in it?

Charles pretty much covered it. I have a garbage bucket and the **** goes in there. I either burn it in a burn barrel or take it to the county recycle place. It has overall been a very small quantity.

haha i like the water freeze separation tip. this is an awesome setup

Thanks! I accidently figured that one out. It was bound to happen sooner than later here in MN though. I have not actually run in to anti freeze (that I'm aware of) so it works great.
 
To avoid these ads, REGISTER NOW!

ptschram

Well-known member
Joined
Sep 8, 2006
Messages
2,573
Location
Churubusco, IN
I watch these threads with interest each time they appear.

I am in the process of installing my second residential fuel-oil furnace in a shop of mine.

Rather than go to this degree of work, I have merely mixed virgin fuel oil with "used" engine oil. As I do not generate enough used engine oil to use a primary heat source, I am able to run my furnace with or without used oil.

In my latest application, I expect to blend used oil at a rate of about 20% with diesel fuel. If I have time and energy, I'll try to buy untaxed fuel oil.

I spent a considerable amount of time analyzing the pros and cons of oil versus propane and every time, oil won out.

Wish me luck, I hope to finish my install today. At the very least, I hope to have the furnace sited where it belongs and the stack started.
 
OP
B

Bennie

Well-known member
Joined
Jun 13, 2011
Messages
181
Location
Belle Plaine, MN
The objective from day one was to make this system safe, heat effective, cost effective and low maintenance. Nothing against you outdoor wood boiler guys but the last thing I wanted was to have to refuel something a couple times a day. It's very easy to forget what's going on because it just works so seamlessly. That's what I wanted. I didn't mind putting the hours in on the front end, I just didn't want it to be an unending project. I'm still establishing mainenance intervals for everything but right now I am cleaning the burner/combustion chamber every 2 weeks (10 minute job) and cleaning the screen filter every 275 gallons (5 minute job). I check the screen filter for water every week or so and have drained some watery **** from the bottom of the float tank once.

I had a little trouble with the nozzle getting partly clogged when I first got the system running. I couldn't figure it out because it was atomizing the fuel good (or so it looked) but it wouldn't light for anything. It turned out that there was a small peice of teflon tape stuck in it. After cleaning it I could HEAR how much better the flame sounded. I think it had been partly clogged for a while.
 
OP
B

Bennie

Well-known member
Joined
Jun 13, 2011
Messages
181
Location
Belle Plaine, MN
I watch these threads with interest each time they appear.

I am in the process of installing my second residential fuel-oil furnace in a shop of mine.

Rather than go to this degree of work, I have merely mixed virgin fuel oil with "used" engine oil. As I do not generate enough used engine oil to use a primary heat source, I am able to run my furnace with or without used oil.

In my latest application, I expect to blend used oil at a rate of about 20% with diesel fuel. If I have time and energy, I'll try to buy untaxed fuel oil.

I spent a considerable amount of time analyzing the pros and cons of oil versus propane and every time, oil won out.

Wish me luck, I hope to finish my install today. At the very least, I hope to have the furnace sited where it belongs and the stack started.

Keep us posted!

We have natural gas here. It's hard to argue with natural gas. It's very cost effective and basically zero maintenance. I will definitely be doing more maintenance than before but with free fuel I've for sure beat the already low cost of natural gas.

No doubt if I had gone the furnace route it would have been a very easy project. It only made sense to go the boiler route because of the infloor heat and the remote lacation of the boiler. All said and done I wouldn't do it any different next time.

As BadgerBoiler likes to say, the importaint thing is that I'm heating with water. I can pick any fuel source I want after that.
 
OP
B

Bennie

Well-known member
Joined
Jun 13, 2011
Messages
181
Location
Belle Plaine, MN
Subscribing! Watching with keen interest!

Would like to know if used vegetable oil from fryers would work well...

I have run about 20 gallons of it "mixed" with the waste motor oil. It seems to settle in the bottom. It's a lighter weight oil so it ***** in more oil with the same pressure making a hotter flame. At that point you need to put the combustion analizer on it and dial everything in again....until the 20 gallons are gone....then dial it back again. Kind of a pain for 20 gallons. I have since seen a youtube vid claiming that some burners get gunked up with WVO so I think I will avoid in next time around.

If you had a good supply of it I would suggest keeping it seperate and burning it seperate.
 
To avoid these ads, REGISTER NOW!
Top Bottom