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Wire size for 50a 240v heater?

MrPink

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As the title states, I am getting ready to re-wire my whole garage, it will have a 100A sub panel w/ 9 15a outlets, a 20a for my lights, and 2 20a outlets for a 135a/120v welder. My air compressor is 13.5a/120v, so I don't need anything special for it. But what gauge wire for a 50a 240v heater? The heater will be 100% hardwired to the panel as it will be less than 2-3 ft from it.
 
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Jackfre

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You might consider a 50a wall plug for the heater. That way, should you choose to do so you could upgrade to a 220V welder. Unplug the heater when wanting to use the welder. My 211 is multi voltage, but I hate running it on 110.
 
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MrPink

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You might consider a 50a wall plug for the heater. That way, should you choose to do so you could upgrade to a 220V welder. Unplug the heater when wanting to use the welder. My 211 is multi voltage, but I hate running it on 110.
I don't do enough welding to justify a 220v welder. And the welding I am going to do is body panels so the 135A will be perfectly fine.
 

pattenp

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Does the heater draw 50A or does the installation instructions state to use a 50A circuit? What is the wattage of the heater?
 

drivesitfar

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kinda depends how far the plug is from the service panel, but i'd think 10 gauge should be ok if it's within 20 feet. disclaimer i'm not an electrician so if anybody has good information to post why 10 isn't stout enough I'm all ears.
 

FredWanaker

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Is it appropriate to do wiring if you can't look up basics as to what type wire, and gauge is needed for a specific job? And as a prior post indicated, is this for a 50 amp 240 single phase device, or did the manufacturer recommend a 50 amp 240 V single phase outlet? Or will it be a permanent connection? These things are material. Is it in a wet or damp environment where the floor can be mopped, and a GFCI is needed near the plug in - or is the heater going to be mounted on angle iron hanging from the ceiling? Will it be on 24/7 or will there be an on-off switch involved. Will someone walk across damp concrete then flip a switch on it? How far is the run, that is material too, you say 2 - 3 feet - is that from the actual panel, Usually there needs to be clear space around a panel etc.
 
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MrPink

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It is a 50a single phase 10,000w 240v heater that is going to be hung from the ceiling, the heater is currently hardwired in my dad's garage. it's going in my garage, I live in Michigan it snows 3-4mo/yr. I stated in my first post, it will be hardwired. The heater has an integrated on/of switch with a wireless remote.
 
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nadogail

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Because a 50 amp heater will be run continuously it should be wired with 8 Gauge as a minimum.
Any technical information you take from me is guaranteed to be worth exactly what you have paid me for it.
 
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MrPink

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Because a 50 amp heater will be run continuously it should be wired with 8 Gauge as a minimum.
Any technical information you take from me is guaranteed to be worth exactly what you have paid me for it.
Lol thanks sir. I was thinking of 8ga as a min, my Dad currently has it wired with 10ga but had a smaller heater in its place before.
 

Norcal

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The conductor size will depend on the wiring method, NM cable, will require 6 AWG, or 8 aWG THHN in conduit.
 
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wyliesdiesels

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kinda depends how far the plug is from the service panel, but i'd think 10 gauge should be ok if it's within 20 feet. disclaimer i'm not an electrician so if anybody has good information to post why 10 isn't stout enough I'm all ears.
how can you come up with that when you didnt have the wattage rating of the heater?
It is a 50a single phase 10,000w 240v heater that is going to be hung from the ceiling, the heater is currently hardwired in my dad's garage. it's going in my garage, I live in Michigan it snows 3-4mo/yr. I stated in my first post, it will be hardwired. The heater has an integrated on/of switch with a wireless remote.
you will need 52a rated wire

10,000/240 = 41.67a x 1.25 = 52a
I don’t know why 10 gauge wouldn’t be good nuf. Heat in your garage will be a wonderful thing so best of luck.
you clearly dont know how to calculate required wire sizes for circuits
Because a 50 amp heater will be run continuously it should be wired with 8 Gauge as a minimum.
Any technical information you take from me is guaranteed to be worth exactly what you have paid me for it.
technically #8 THHN is too small since its rated for 50a...
Lol thanks sir. I was thinking of 8ga as a min, my Dad currently has it wired with 10ga but had a smaller heater in its place before.
you should use #6 NM-b or THHN
 

pattenp

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As stated based on the provided info about the heater, #6Cu is needed. If using #6 NM-b, even though it's 55A rated, you can use a 60A breaker if hardwired.
 

Terry D

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I stand corrected, a 52 Amp continuous load is too much for 50 Amp wire.

Better go with the #6 and be safe.
Its not really a 52 amp continuous load. Its a 41.6 amp load ( 10,000/240= 41.6amps) But being a circuit for a heater, it is classified as a continuous load. So you multiply 41.6 x 125% = 52 amps. That is what you size your wire and OCPD off of. The heater is not going to draw more amps the longer it runs, it still will draw 41.6 amps. But the longer the heater runs, the wire will heat up for longer periods. That is why it is over sized
 

dcg9381

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But the longer the heater runs, the wire will heat up for longer periods. That is why it is over sized
IMHO, a wire rated for 41.6 amps won't overheat at 41.6 amps (note, you still need #6 wire). It's that "most" breakers are only rated for 80% continuous load. They won't flip immediately, but they'll flip within 2 hours or so give or take.
 

pattenp

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IMHO, a wire rated for 41.6 amps won't overheat at 41.6 amps (note, you still need #6 wire). It's that "most" breakers are only rated for 80% continuous load. They won't flip immediately, but they'll flip within 2 hours or so give or take.
Where are you getting your info from that breakers are only rated at 80%? That's misinformation. The 80% is a NEC rule. Breakers are designed to handle 100% of the the listed amps.
Edit: Sorry, I misread what you said. I was thinking you were saying that breakers can't handle 100% of the listed amps.
 
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Terry D

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IMHO, a wire rated for 41.6 amps won't overheat at 41.6 amps (note, you still need #6 wire). It's that "most" breakers are only rated for 80% continuous load. They won't flip immediately, but they'll flip within 2 hours or so give or take.
The point I was trying to make is that this is a 41.6 continuous load, not a 52 amp continuous load. The 52 amps is the sum after doing the math for a continuous load, and this is what we size the conductor off of.
 
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