It is missing the foot and is sitting down side up. It is a radial drill press, the section with the motor and chuck more forward or back quite handy press. Normally a lot bigger.
You can get non detergent oil at a garage that services diesel trucks and tractors. As for cold weather starting, put a trouble light or light bulb beside or under the compressor. The heat of the bulb will keep the oil hot enough to start. Remove light bulb before starting to protect the bulb...
I never use a nut or file or dies....simply grind lightly on bench wheel 45° with the stone turning towards the tread end of the bolt, turn the bolt as it grinds. If it turns towards the head end you get burrs the you have to use a tread file on, or a die, or a file. First thing you learn in...