My go-to chemical items are (in no special order): Evapo-Rust, Fluid Film, Ronsonol/Zippo lighter fluid, GooGone, 50/50 ATF/acetone, shellac, various stains, Titebond (I, II, and hide), Goop. I'll probably think of some others and will add as an edit.
Lighter fluid is what I use first with a...