You'll probably need a NEMA size 1 for single phase 3 hp application, but check the rating for the particular starter you find. I would use a 2 pole DP starter like a Square D 8911. An 8911DPSG12V09 will work with B28 overload, but you may find it is easier to find a larger (30 or 40 A) 8911 starter for less money. I bought a new 40A 8911 for $135 on Amazon last year. If you apply a 3 phase starter with an electronic overload relay you will need to wire the overload so the current passes through all 3 legs otherwise it will trip prematurely. Heaters will not care.
If you ever lose that motor, I think you will find that 215 frame dual voltage motors are rather expensive for a 3 hp, and you'll probably want to consider a straight 240V (or spread 208-230V) 184 or 182 frame motor as a replacement. It will not impact the choice of starter but the mounting may need some rework.