With that stupid knot in the board, it was effectively a 2x4 !
Some lumber gets used in construction when it's really meant to be firewood.
THIS! I found a rafter in my house like that. I jacked it up, sistered it properly, and all is well.
In your case, the **** 2x10 lasted how many years before failing? If it were my garage, I'd put up temporary supports to jack up the roof to where it should be, plus enough room to remove and replace that beam. Then I'd replace it.
I'd take the original 2x10, and size it up to a pair of quality 2x12s, and give them adequate vertical support at the ends.