Delta definitely manufactured a “ 12” “ table saw, because I’ve used one of them in the past, and I also remember seeing them in catalogs maybe 15 years ago.
The one I used was usually mounted with a 14” blade though, and I recall the saw being spec’d to use a 14” blade, although the 14” blade just slightly notched into the cast iron top, so using a 14” blade seemed like a slightly cludged spec made to make a saw meant for a smaller diameter blade more useful.
Maybe there was some type of stop to prevent the blade being raised too high that never got set up right or something, but a 14” blade was just slightly large when raised to maximum height.
The throat plate also didn’t quite work right because of this on the saw I used, so a wood throat plate was added. I don’t know it there was a “proper” manufacturer supplied throat plate for the use of the 14” blade.
That saw in the photo, if fully functional, should definitely be worth $500.
Also, the overhead blade guard should be safer than the standard blade guard.