Years ago when I was still messing about with cheap battery chargers to do electrolytic derusting, I discovered that if I did one fair sized job and immediately started another, that I would basically burn out the battery charger. It still looked the same, but it didn't really work anymore. I'm sure I shorted a bunch of turns in the transformer.
Anyway, if your old Schumacher or whatever car battery charger isn't doing what it used to, borrow one from a buddy and try again. If that one works you probably cooked yours.
Today I use a proper DC power supply. It can run in current source or voltage source mode, up to 30 amps of current at 30 volts. I believe it is made by Volteq.
On the other hand, if you are simply triggering overcurent protection, move the anode farther away from your workpiece or make up a new bath with only half as much washing soda. What limtts the current is the resistance of your bath and you can affect that resistance by adding distance between the electrodes or by mixing less ionic material with the water.
Hope that makes sense,
metalmagpie