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Every US Electrical Outlet Explained - Practical Engineering

Stuart in MN

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The Practical Engineering YouTube channel has a new video titled Every US Electrical Outlet Explained. The topic comes up here pretty often so I thought I'd post the link.
His other videos are well worth a look too, he does a good job of explaining all kinds of things from the engineering world,
 
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theoldwizard1

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Personal Pet Peeve ! The receptacle should match the the rated voltage current and current of the breaker along the with appropriate wire gauge. 120VAC @ 20A should have a 5-20R (Yes, I know a 5-15P will work on a 5-20R and that most (all?) 5-15R will handle 20A !). Same should be true for 240VAC.
 

rlitman

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Oct 18, 2010
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Long Island
Personal Pet Peeve ! The receptacle should match the the rated voltage current and current of the breaker along the with appropriate wire gauge. 120VAC @ 20A should have a 5-20R (Yes, I know a 5-15P will work on a 5-20R and that most (all?) 5-15R will handle 20A !). Same should be true for 240VAC.
NEMA 5-20 is an abomination that should die, and I'll die on that hill fighting it. It makes ZERO sense. If your appliance actually needs a 5-20 plug, then it should be in a dedicated circuit, and L5-20 should serve just fine. But once you've decided that a duplex 5-20 is fine, you've now left space for a 12A heater to get plugged in adjacent to an 18A copier, all on a circuit that someone will plug a 17A vacuum into somewhere down the line. Insanity! Just as dumb as duplex 240V receptacles. What's next, this ****?

61qDzsX5NlL._AC_SL600_.jpg

Even Grady acknowledges that NEMA's charts are largely aspirational, with drawings for plenty of designations that have never and will never be produced.
 

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Murby

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I watched a lengthy documentary on how the periodic table came to be organized as it is today. If we have it correct, than every alien species should have it in the same format.. They tried organizing the elements in a cylinder shape, a cube, ladder, etc.. Nothing fit correctly until some Russian(?) guy figured out it's current shape and form. And I still think we don't have it correct.. It's still too messy.. and I'm wondering if it needs to be formatted into a 3d, or possibly even a 4d(?) format for it to really make sense.

It was a fascinating documentary..
 

sparky 1971

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Central Iowa
Personal Pet Peeve ! The receptacle should match the the rated voltage current and current of the breaker along the with appropriate wire gauge. 120VAC @ 20A should have a 5-20R (Yes, I know a 5-15P will work on a 5-20R and that most (all?) 5-15R will handle 20A !). Same should be true for 240VAC.
A 5-15 single receptacle is supposed to be limited to a 15 amp circuit though I know of no instance of that being enforced but what about a 5-15 duplex receptacle with two eight amp loads into it? To add to that, 20q amp 120 volt receptacles look stupid. We all know that you're an advocate for using 14 gauge wire for everything because it's cheap but there are places where that just ain't gonna happen; there are even places with amendments that state 12 gauge is the minimum wire size allowed.
 
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sparky 1971

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I’ve learned if you want to get quoted a lot on GJ is better to say something stupid than smart.
43,657 posts. I wonder how many of those have been quoted.
My buddy put 5-20 receptacles in his kitchen because he thought it was required. Looks awful.
It happens quite often. I've asked many shock jockeys why they used 20 amp devices; usually the answer is because it's a 20 amp circuit but there have been a few times that they were spec'd. I had a service call once and the old timer proudly showed me how he had changed every receptacle in the house to a 20 amp. I asked why and the answer was "because they are more heavier duty".
 

theoldwizard1

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SE MI
A 5-15 single receptacle is supposed to be limited to a 15 amp circuit although I know of no instance of that being enforced ...
I actually checked the Leviton website and they say a 5-15R is spec'd at 15A ! So if you have a 20A breaker, 12AWG NM-B and you MIGHT pull 20A, you really should use a 5-20R ! (Although, as previously stated, non-commercial electrical equipment that comes with a 5-20P is unusual !)
We all know that you're an advocate for using 14 gauge wire for everything because it's cheap but there are places where that just ain't gonna happen; there are even places with amendments that state 12 gauge is the minimum wire size allowed.
I UNDRESTAND THAT ! I am NOT advocating against that.
 

sparky 1971

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I actually checked the Leviton website and they say a 5-15R is spec'd at 15A ! So if you have a 20A breaker, 12AWG NM-B and you MIGHT pull 20A, you really should use a 5-20R !
No kidding? That's what my post said, but in a different way. My statement about not knowing of an instance of it being enforced was about an inspector catching it. A company I previously worked for used single 5-15's on a 20 amp circuit for sump pumps, garage refrigerators, and central vacuums located in a garages for every house they wired; hundreds of them a year. Now all of those things are supposed to be GFCI protected so now we're back to duplex receptacles.
(Although, as previously stated, non-commercial electrical equipment that comes with a 5-20P is unusual !)
Commercial equipment with a 5-20 is rare as well. I've seen a total of three factory installed 5-20p's in my 32 year career.
I UNDRESTAND THAT ! I am NOT advocating against that.
Didn't say you are, but pay attention to the context of my post. If a municipality insists on 12 gauge wire at a minimum (they don't require 20 amp circuits, 15 amp breakers are ok even if it's dumb) should every receptacle in the house be a 20 amp? According to post #2, you think they should be.
 

dave*99

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Good old NEMA to rescue us.


NEMA WD 11-2023 — Wiring Devices Frequently Asked Questions


Page 13 — “15 A Receptacles 20 A Circuit”


Question:
“Why is it allowable to use multiple 15-amp receptacles on a 20-amp circuit? I have been told that 15 A receptacles can safely pass through 20 A of current (i.e., internal construction of 15-amp receptacle = internal construction of 20-amp receptacle). Is this correct?”


NEMA Answer:


“15 A receptacles are tested, and UL Listed, to carry 20 A from terminal to terminal so they can be used safely on a 20 A branch circuit as a pass-through device without requiring separate pig-tailing, etc. The basic internal construction that interfaces with the plug is tested and listed to carry 15 A, as it will only accept a 15 A plug.”


Source:
National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), Wiring Devices Frequently Asked Questions, NEMA WD 11-2023, page 13.
 
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