You can get a good idea just looking at the end of the tube. The most common failure is the tungsten filament is worn out which is why you see the ends a dark gray.
If the ends are pretty gray....chances are the bulb is at the end of it's life.
If your swapping....do two at a time....that way you confirm the ballast is ok....if it lights up then swap in one of the old bulbs to confirm which one is bad.
If you have the old t12's and the ballast is bad....good time to swap out for T8's....it's a few more bucks but worth it.
Someone please correct me....but I think the ends on T12's and T8's are the same? I don't have any t8's to compare....just t5's and CFL's.