I have two 50amp breakers under one switch as you can see for this outlet. This is also a picture of the outlet in my garage. I want to put an electric heater mounted either out from the wall or ceiling. What do I need to do with this set up. Change outlet? My thought was to run conduit up the wall about 4-5 feet to the heater from this outlet.
That looks like a NEMA 14-50R receptacle, commonly used for newer electric range circuits. The 50 amp two pole breaker is normal and appropriate for such a circuit.
If it were me, I'd just go to Home Depot and pick up a 4 wire 6AWG range pigtail. (They are in the aisle with the extension cords). Wire the heater up -- two hot leads from the heater go to red and black in the pigtail. Green from the pigtail goes to ground on the heater. White from the pigtail is not used, unless the heater has some sort of fancy 120 volt control circuit. Now you can mount the heater on a shelf above the receptacle and just plug it in when needed.
This method keeps the receptacle available to plug in a welder or plasma cutter with similar minimal effort. For that matter you could plug in a range to use the garage as a "summer kitchen".
Total cost -- about $10 and less than half an hour.
This would not be OK if the manufacturer's intallation/use instructions for the heater require external overcurrent protection of less than 50 amps.