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help with smoke detectors

SGKent

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Feb 12, 2010
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Citrus Heights CA
Northern California.

Everyone seems to be really busy now with new construction so finding someone who can come out for this is probably going to be hard. I hope the city will let me use inter connected battery smoke detectors but I suspect that they will have to be hard wired because of the way that the 2011, and 2014 California smoke detector laws are written. The cause is I am going to reroof and that is over the $1000 of work that requires a permit which triggers the need to redo the smoke detectors in the house to get the permit signed off. So I think I see 4 hard wired smoke detectors and a combo CO/Smoke in my life soon, which means adding 4 boxes and the wiring, requiring a permit for the wiring.

I'd like to tie into the existing box for the hard wired CO - smoke detector box put in when the house was built in 1979, which is about 10' away from the bedrooms. That alarm has been replaced but the box and a dedicated circuit is already there. From there I would run NM-B depending on the breaker size that currently handles that circuit. Then I would run between the new boxes cut into the ceiling. So here are the questions. I am not an electrician but I have had other electrical jobs on this property signed off with no issues, so if I understand what the requirements are it won't be a problem. I want to be 100% sure that the current codes are met. I hope the city says I can just use 4 new wireless battery operated alarms held on by screws but................ if not,

1) can I use plastic old-work boxes to make them easier to install or do they need to be metal?
2) will the red fire sealant around the boxes be adequate to seal them?
3) When the romex is run, can I run it over the top of each truss like they used to allow, or do I need to put down a board between the trusses and staple it to that instead. Before they just let the romex run between the tops of the trusses, with staples, starting within 12" of a box and every 2nd truss which would be 4' intervals.
4) depending on matching the breaker size can I use a NM-B 12/3 or NM-B 14/3, tying the grounds together in the box, the neutral and black to neutral and black, and the red for the signal wire?

Last - if I have to go hard coded, will the city want to see the alarms hanging to see the wire nuts etc, behind them, insulation in the attic pulled back, or will they just ask me how I did the stapling to make sure I stapled correctly, press the button to see they work and that's it? When I did the whole house fan the guy checked each nail for the correct placement and size compared them to the blueprint, made me take off all the cover plates on the switches and motor etc.. went to the service panel and had me take that apart, then waited until I put everything back together. Then he asked me if I did this for a living, I told him no and he said he was surprised, that he flunks almost all DIY but this was the cleanest installation he had seen of a whole house fan. I just need to understand what the requirements are now.
 
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Git

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Although we have hard-wired CO/smoke detectors in the house, I just picked up three of these Z-Wave detectors because I saw that Costco had the on sale and I thought I would add some extra protection

They are battery powered and the 'interconnection' is done wirelessly through the Z-Wave. I should add that I have a number of Z-Wave devices in my Home Automation setup so this didn't really take any work at all.

So instead of running new wiring, etc - perhaps look into if these will work out for you?

https://www.costco.com/First-Alert-Smoke-and-Carbon-Monoxide-Alarm,-3-pack.product.100347069.html

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SGKent

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Citrus Heights CA
thanks. I don't know if they are going to require hard wired or not. The law implies that because there is an attic over that area they will require hard wired. I can't keep up with all the changes and not that I will but I'd rather commit suicide than keep calling contractor after contractor until I find one that is available, up to date, and who doesn't gouge. We used to laugh at the Soviets when they stood in lines to get things done - well the joke is on us.
 

Git

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Well, I didn't mean to derail your thread, but if I was you I would make a simple call to your local building department and ask. This would be a real easy/fairly cheap solution. Each detector is around $35 and you can have up to 11 that are all interconnected wirelessly. You would require a Z-wave hub, I think a Smart Things hub is supposed to work and costs around $65

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07FJGGWJL/?tag=atomicindus08-20

In any case, this should bring your post back to the top and hopefully someone else will weigh in on your questions...
 

walta

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Dutzow Missouri
My guess is you will need more than 4 alarms unless you only have 2 bedrooms.

The law likely requires one alarm in ever bedroom and another in the hall outside the bedroom within 3 feet of the door and another near the HVAC equipment.

I recommend avoiding Kidde brand units.

Walta
 
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SGKent

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Git - I have already contacted them and am waiting on their reply.

Walta - thanks for the heads up on Kidde.

What I have now:

ADT - smoke for central alarm
hard wired co/smoke - mid hall - probably gets replaced
Battery smoke outside bedrooms - gets replaced will need box if hard wired
3 bedrooms - new will need boxes if hard wired

Big question is 2011 & 2014 California laws (not code) says if you have an attic which I do and the areas are accessible from above they all need to be hardwired AND INTERCONNECTED before any permit for $1000 worth of work can be signed final. ADT alarm will never communicate with the others so how will the city deal with that?

Smoke alarms are permitted to be solely battery operated in existing areas of buildings undergoing alterations or repairs that do not result in the removal of interior walls or ceiling finishes exposing the structure, unless there is an attic, crawl space or basement available which could provide access for building wiring without the removal of interior finishes. Where more than one smoke alarm is required to be installed within an individual dwelling or sleeping unit, the smoke alarms shall be interconnected in such a manner that the activation of one alarm will activate ALL of the alarms in the individual unit
 
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SGKent

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It worked out just great. Building Dept got back to me and said just go with sealed battery non-interconnected after I mentioned the upgraded ceilings (painted knockdown vs the original cottage cheese style). If you read the law it exempts "fashion items" on ceilings and walls from damage caused by cutting in hard wired units. We paid a contractor to upgrade our ceilings for a better fashion statement. :)

I honestly don't see how y'all contractors here in California can work with the nuances in California laws and codes. Its like the CRV on aluminum cans. If you take in a couple they have to pay you the actual CRV. If you take in a bulk of cans they can pay by the current rate of aluminum. Funny thing is that the rate for aluminum is usually more than the CRV valve.
 
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Git

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Glad it worked out for you, but I would still look into those Z Wave interconnected devices for your safety. The plain old battery ones are about $30 each for a decent one, the Z Wave is not much more and if one goes off, they all go off. As mentioned, the cost of the hub is minimal at $65
 
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SGKent

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Glad it worked out for you, but I would still look into those Z Wave interconnected devices for your safety. The plain old battery ones are about $30 each for a decent one, the Z Wave is not much more and if one goes off, they all go off. As mentioned, the cost of the hub is minimal at $65

I was thinking about getting a set of 4 interconnected wireless ones anyway. Just leave the ADT one and the CO/Smoke the way they are. I spoke with ADT today, they just did one where a room addition was involved as part of home daycare, same city, and they had to hard wire all including the ADT one into a big system. Cost $$$ to have it done thru ADT because they only do it as a system add-on package and not individual units.
 

jbwilkins

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Nashville Tn
Both Firex and BRK (parents of Kiddie and First Alert) have wireless interconnected versions. They use a proprietary system, but it will easily cover an entire house......not sure they make those in the 10 yr battery versions that CA requires now though....
 
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SGKent

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Location
Citrus Heights CA
Both Firex and BRK (parents of Kiddie and First Alert) have wireless interconnected versions. They use a proprietary system, but it will easily cover an entire house......not sure they make those in the 10 yr battery versions that CA requires now though....

yes they have to be sealed batteries and can't be used past the 10 year mark. The hard wired one put in when the house was built in 1979 was still working in 2014 when we replaced it. I don't want to say it but with recalls and failure rates in electronics you probably have just as much of a chance of a failure replacing new units every 10 years than just putting in a new battery every year. Wonder whose lobbyist wrote the fire marshalls' smoke detector bills, and how much they donated to the PAC for the folks who passed the law?
 
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SGKent

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Citrus Heights CA
Out of curiosity....are they requiring you to upgrade radiant barrier under the roof decking when you re-roof??

I haven't heard mention of it but there are insulation standards for the attic that they look at. I would resist adding any radiant barriers to the sheathing. Around here that simply shortens the life of the wood and comp by cooking it. I do know the first bid was telling me that I needed to add venting until I took him for a walk around the house and showed him what already exists - at which point he just said never mind, you have adequate venting already.
 
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