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Need your opinions on post/joist sizes for a deck.

uncletater

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China Grove, NC
:dunno: I am planning to build a 22x14 deck. The hight will be less than a foot off the ground. Posts will be 7 feet apart max. My buddy, who is in construction, says I should use 4x4s. I want to use 6x6, he claims it is a waste of money since it won't be that much stronger. I also plan on using 2x8 joists spaced 12 inches apart. He said 2x10 would be better. I find it odd that he wants to beef up the joists but not the posts.

Thoughts?
 
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framer

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Feb 14, 2010
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He is correct 2x10 for 14' span 16" centers. 4x4 will work as post 6x6 optional
 
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uncletater

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The 14 foot span will have a support in the center at 7 feet. So would 2x8 be sufficient. I also plan to use 2x6 for the decking. If that helps?
 

bczygan

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You don't have room for posts.

What is your foundation? Are you using Sonotubes or precast blocks laid on the ground?

Personally, I would use the precast blocks. Excavate the topsoil where each one will go and fill the hole with compacted limestone for a base for the blocks and set them so they are at the right level for the beams. Remember to slope the deck beams a minimum of 1/8"/FT away from the house.

In either case just set your beams on the piers and use joist hangers on the sides of the beams. You need to do this to keep the height down to your 1 foot.

Sizing beams depends on the distance between piers and spacing of beams.

Sizing of joists depends on length of span and desired load factor and species of lumber.

Spacing of joists depends on decking material and desired stiffness.

Code and standard practice require 40#LL and 10#DL L/360.

If we start with actual 2x PT lumber for decking and a 12" joist spacing, you already have a very stiff deck, so the only variables left are the joist span and beam spacing and pier spacing. But you will see that 12" spacing isn't required.

To avoid having to install too many piers, you have set the piers at 7' spacing. To keep the beams from being too deep, the only other variable we can adjust, is the spacing between beams.

First, let's get the orientation right. I would run the deck boards perpendicular to the wall of the house. That way, using 14' boards, there will be no end joints.

This means the joists will be parallel with the house.

2x6 joists in hem/fir at 12"o.c. will span 10' with a 40#LL and 10#DL. Not quite enough if you split the 22' in half with a beam. But if you use SYP (Southern yellow pine) or doug fir, it is adequate.

If you use 2x8 joists in hem/fir, you can easily span with 16"o.c. spacing.

This means 3 beams running perpendicular to the house wall, and 14' long.

Again, using hem/fir, 2-2x8's will span 7'6" with the beams spaced at 12'.

Because you need support at the beam ends at the house, I would not use a ledger, but instead, support the beam ends with piers and build the deck independent of the house structure, avoiding the problems of a ledger board.

Using joist hangers on the sides of the beams, will keep the joists in the same plane as the beams, and keep the overall depth of the deck structure to 8 3/4". This will keep it up off the ground enough to keep it from rotting, and allow your piers to protrude from the finish grade a little.

So you will need 9 piers, 6 2x8x14's for beams, 24 2x8x12's for joists, about 48 2x6x14's for deck boards and 48 joist hangers. Plus nails, screws and stain.

Sizes are taken from a deck span chart here:

http://parkeronline.org/DocumentCenter/Home/View/732

This is all figured in hem/fir. In NC you may have SYP available, which will make the structure even stiffer and stronger.

Do you understand all that I am telling you?
 
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cowboy73

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4X4s will be fine. 2X8 joists on 16" centers with a 7' span should be fine also, especially with a 2X6 for decking. You aren't planning on putting in a hot tub on the deck are you? If so, I'd bump up to 2x10s on 12" centers.
 

gungatim

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west mich
if you're building that low, you could easily build a floating deck using deck blocks and use 2x6's for the entire thing. I did my 16x24 that way and was much easier and less expensive.
 

Leoruiz

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For a 4 inch slab of concrete that's just shy of 4 yards. Why waste your time and money building a maintainence headache ?
Form it up and lay in some 4 x 4 hardware cloth and call a pump service.Add fiber.
$500 or so and call it a lifetime.
 

bczygan

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For a 4 inch slab of concrete that's just shy of 4 yards. Why waste your time and money building a maintainence headache ?
Form it up and lay in some 4 x 4 hardware cloth and call a pump service.Add fiber.
$500 or so and call it a lifetime.

There is something warm and soft about a wood deck compared to concrete, but the maintenance is a big factor, and they have a lifespan.

CL is full of free deck lumber.

Something this close to grade, I'd be tempted to go concrete and surface it in tile or stone for the warm fuzzy feeling.

If it was up a bit higher I would go with a covered porch and a finished exterior wood floor board. Decks out of PT just feel so unfinished and rough. At least use decking that is finer than the structure, like Ipe.

Bill
 
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readhead

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Durango, Co.
Steel is another framing option. We have been doing a lot of steel deck framing in the last few years for either wood or concrete.
 
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uncletater

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China Grove, NC
For a 4 inch slab of concrete that's just shy of 4 yards. Why waste your time and money building a maintainence headache ?
Form it up and lay in some 4 x 4 hardware cloth and call a pump service.Add fiber.
$500 or so and call it a lifetime.



That is a really good price.


Let's assume that if I was to place and finish myself, around here it would still be more than 500.
 

Moose97

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Less than a foot off the ground 4X4 will be fine. My personal rule of thumb is 4X4 is good up to about 30". Anything higher than that go bigger.
 
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uncletater

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China Grove, NC
Isn't it a requirement that decks are built to code? That should answer your questions.

It is my understanding is that code is the minimum. Not always the best. I was asking to see if others would overbuild if it was them.


I tend to overbuild and didn't want to go crazy over the top on this. Input from others often helps to keep me grounded.
 

stikman56

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Jun 12, 2014
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To give you an idea of the 4x4 post thing, my deck is on the second story, 24 feet long and it's attached to the house of course, and the other end sits on 5-4x4 posts,......yes 5. Not how I would have done it, but 20 years later it still stands.
 

bullnerd

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Jersey
I like the look of 6x6 much more than 4x4. Cost? Meh!

I put them at the corners also, I hate the end of the beam showing on most generic deck builds. 4x4s and beams showing looks cheap and by the book....the home depot book.
 
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