Sense everyone is kicking the door in here, Elroy will respond.
"Stress Coat" is a method for determining the location and degree of localize strain. The stress coat method involves coating a part in a very thin coating of paint. This paint is basically a very thin coat of very brittle lacquer. A part is manufactured and then highly polished. The part is then covered in "stress coat" and loaded in the laboratory
With in the range of young's modulus, stress is proportional to stain.
Ouch, Elroy's head hurts
Anyway... After loading the part, location of high deformation will be revealed on the surface of the part as small cracks in the brittle lacquer "stress coat".
Elroy believes that the parts you have there was used to calibrate the "stress coat". In other words a test specimen is coated and then stretched in the fixture shown where the scale is used to measure the strain per unit length for a given coating thickness.
That's Elroy story and he's sticking to it.
That is definitely some old school technology as these days stress analysis is determined via computer algorithm such as Algor Finite Element Analysis (FEA).
http://www.algor.com/products/default626.asp
Been a long time sense Elroy had to pull that out of the brain.