I have a DVR camera system running that I custom installed myself. I ran ALL my cameras over Cat5. (Video + power. Each use a pair.) I also have a UPS (uninterruptible power supply) connected in case of power loss.
When I began planning my system, I knew some basics already due to a past job. But doing it for myself now, I began learning much more than I knew I even needed.
Cameras
I already knew I wanted my cameras somewhat hidden, but not vulnerable either. So I installed each of my cameras so it can be seen by another camera. You cannot approach without being seen from any angle. Possible overkill, but simple too. It all comes down to FOV. (Field of view.)
This is one of the most important things when it comes to cameras and what you want to actually see where you're placing it! Each specific and individual camera I bought, I used a calculator like
this one to calculate my lens size. How much do you actually
want to see where you're pointing it? Very cool tool.
I also knew I wanted night vision obviously. So I bought one camera from a site with LEDs and thought I would try it out. It glowed red - pointing out it's location. It actually worked like a flashlight does. (Pointing it into the yard at night, you saw nothing. Point it at the ground or a person, and you'd see what you want.) But the glowing LEDs was a deal breaker for me. This is what almost every camera you see packaged with a DVR has. The only way I learned I could get them not to glow was to get ones that transmitted above the 900 nm range. But they're expensive. So I ended up and found out about lux ratings.
The lower the lux rating, the better the camera sees at night with no LEDs! So I wound up having many black and white high res. cameras that can see anything and everything no matter if it's light or dark. I actually like them better than the color cameras I use in conjunction. Most of my "expertise" I learned from this really cool guy at
this site. He would spend crazy amounts of time answering my questions and helping me out. His prices were also competitive and I ended up buying all my cameras from him.
Connecting the cameras
I found out you can run video over Cat5
way further than you can over coax. It's also a much cleaner install and much easier to work with. So I ran Cat5 to each camera location and used baluns to connect them. The baluns I used I bought from a place called
4netonline. Since it's been a couple of years since I bought them, and they look as if they've changed a bit, I'll describe them:
One camera's balun is located at the camera obviously. (A Cat5 connector is plugged into the balun. The balun has a BNC connector that the camera plugs into, and a pigtail coming off of it for the camera's power plug.) This is a lot of "junk" at a camera's mounting location, but is easily hidden inside an outdoor two gang electric box.
The camera's other balun is just for receiving video on the DVR side. The pair that carries the video of the Cat5 screws to the balun converting it to BNC. (This goes into the DVR's input.). The pair carrying the power then splits off the Cat5 and goes to the DC power supply box.
My DVR
This is something I ended up basically building myself. I bought a basic 16 channel DVR box. No hard drives, no DVD burner, no floppy drive. You can buy each of these pieces of hardware for much less than what they charge to package them together with the DVR. I only needed the DVD or the USB anyways to download the video if needed. You can buy the DVRs whole just as easy. But I saved a few hundred dollars doing it this way.
The single most important thing to me on my DVR was something called "pre-alarm" or "pre-record". (Depending on the brand. Among other variations.) This is important because a DVR's motion detection can easily be averted by someone running at the camera. By the time the camera senses movement, the guy may already be too close to be seen. Pre-alarm allows you to choose an amount of time to "add" to the event recorded.
I have motion detection set up on each camera. But on 2 of them, I have them running non-stop. I can hold about 2.5 weeks of video at a time before it begins over-writing itself. More than enough for my need.
The last piece I'll add is what I decided on my DVR location. I originally placed it where it would be hard to find. But then thought about what good is recording something that can easily be taken? So I put it in a safe. Cut my power, cut my wires, I still have you on video.
I hope this can be helpful to some of you!