If you don't use a random orbit sander frequently, keeping an adapter around gives you the random orbit option while minimizing space.
Also, if you keep multiple angle grinders around, you can simply switch the adapter to a different grinder if the grinder dies. With a regular random orbit sander you would either need to keep an extra sander around.
The adapters also use pads that are interchangeable and available in different sizes.
These aren't for standard angle grinders(3200rpm).
A regular RO sander is actually less than the adapter unless you can find one cheaper than the Dynabrade.
I can use any pad that adapter uses on my PC RO, and potentially more as there are quick change adapters that you couldn't use with the adapter.
Really depends how much you use, and depend on one regarding the spare value. I bought my PC RO when they came out 20 years ago, it is still going strong, and it has polished a lot of cars.