Oneway from Canada used to be considered the best.
Oneway manufactures a few different sizes, from a small almost benchtop size, to a very sturdy floor size.
Price might be higher than you budget though.
oneway.ca
Teknatool Nova lathes tended to have a following, but I think that had more to do with the motor system, rather than the bed quality, which us the advantage to the Oneway lathes.
Teknatool have a basic cast iron bedway.
NOVA, Smart Tools, Powerful Solutions, a TEKNATOOL USA, INC. & TEKNATOOL INTERNATIONAL LTD brand specializing in offering premium inNOVAtive and smart woodworking tools and accessories.
www.teknatool.com
(The oneway used a tube onto which the bedway is mounted, helping to vastly lower vibration and improve stiffness)
There’s also Robust tools lathes, but these are more expensive than the Oneway lathes.
Otherwise, you shoul probably look for an older lathe with a larger thicker cast iron bed, or maybe an older USA design even if now imported. (Like Powermatic).
Lathes have gotten much more expensive than they used to be, except the lighter entry weight lathes.
If turning light stuff like spindles, you don’t need the extra stiffness.
If turning larger stuff, or wet wood, the extra stiffness from the Oneway designs is sort of necessary to eliminate vibration.