Silicon bronze is my preferred choice for cast iron to be machinable, but it is hard to find in stick electrodes. Check with your local welding supply house to see if they can get ECuSi electrodes. 3/32" diameter would be preferred for a small part repair. The TIG and MIG version (ERCuSi-A) is easier to find, but if all you have is an AC/DC stick machine that is not an option.
A 55% nickel rod is also supposed to be machineable, but will still be difficult.
The problem with E6013 and E7018 is the carbon pickup from the cast iron. Cast iron has over 3.5% carbon content and once it mixes with the weld metal and cools it forms a very hard carbide structure that is not machinable. The bronze alloys are not near as hardenable, so the carbon pickup is not an issue.