This was a post I made in the consumer printer suggestion thread
https://www.garagejournal.com/forum/threads/the-best-consumer-3d-printer.532433/
I was asked to repost it here (after fixing a bunch of phone related typos - damn predictive text keyboards) along with some additional comments.
The question was what hobby printer for around $500
I think that's a hard question as it might depend on some factors. At that price point it's kind of a question about what compromises you are ok with. Happily, at that price point it's not like the compromised option is ****. In fact in any one area a $1500 printer (Bambu X1C, Creality K2 Plus, etc) won't do any better vs many of the sub $500 options.
A few things to consider.
How big is the build volume? For what ever reason 220x220 has been the default build size. It's the one used by printers like the Ender 3 family and many prints on line will be scaled to fit on that size print bed. Bambu uses a slightly larger 256x256. The extra size may help in some cases and certainly isn't going to hurt as the machines are about the same size as the 220 machines (which typically have a 235x235mm plate. The next step up are the 300x300mm printers. More print area but physically larger. However, if size isn't a problem they seem to have few/no compromises vs the smaller sizes. Larger than that and you need to decide if they are appropriate for small prints or if the small prints are compromised by the larger build area.
Bed slinger vs Core XY. Slingers are generally cheaper but can still be fast and produce good prints. However, as the print gets larger you can have issues with parts deforming/failing because you are moving the part a lot as you print it. Bed slingers are almost always open vs enclosed. Core XY come in both open and closed. They move the print head in x and y while the part is moved vertically and rather slowly. Many Core XY printers are enclosed because it's relatively easy to add the enclosure. Some base models aren't but are otherwise similar to an enclosed model and in some cases enclosure kits are available. However, if you need an enclosed, get a factory one from the start (see below)
Enclosures are good for two reasons. First they help keep heat in when printing filaments that are heat sensitive (most stuff that isn't PLA). Second they can help control the fumes that may be released by filaments that aren't PLA. A factory enclosed printer is more likely to have air filtration and may have some type of active chamber temp control. Otherwise chamber heart comes from trapping the heat from the print bed.
Workflow and user interface is another thing to consider. Bambu is the king here (X1C, A1, A1 mini) in that they smoothly integrate the computer/phone software with the printer and its interface. The P1P, P1S are somewhat compromised by a limited on printer screen. Anymore most printers will offer network printing from the slicer on your computer. I still like the old school sneakernet and use a USB drive to carry the files to my printer. Note that some printers accept USB drives (best in my view) while others only accept SD/micro SD cards. I find those more annoying to deal with. Since I use my printer offline and the printer is near the computer I'm OK with this offline life. However, others have the printer in a remote location. In that case you should look at things like do they have a remote camera or can one be added for cheap. Note that even though Bambu is the king here others may be good enough. Finally there has been some stink about Bambu forcing people to use their servers. I don't know the facts and it's possible the other print vendors are leaving big security gaps in their systems while Bambu is getting criticized for closing theirs. I don't know. I will say that even though my current printer's UI is much better than my first printer that had the blue screen Ender 3 type interface, in general the difference hasn't really impacted my workflow. I typically plug in the thumb drive, select the file and hit print. A nicer interface is nice but in my case doesn't result in better prints.
Finally there is the multi material question. Bambu was first, others have it now as well. Even if you don't want to print in multicolor it can be good for things like auto switching rolls when you run out of filament and using a second material as a support.
So at $500 you can have 300x300 or enclosed or multi material or CoreXY or cash in your pocket. You might get more than one but you won't get all of them. If you are willing to brave used you might get more of them.
A note on speed. The modern crop of printers are all very fast compared to the old Ender 3 Pros. While there are certainly speed differences between them, the differences are relatively small (say +-25% on print time vs 2-3x like old vs new printers). The more expensive units aren't necessarily faster and sometimes faster is achieved at the expense of quality (ie slowing down a bit may help quality). So like the overall idea here, at $500 or less you may not be sacrificing speed vs the more expensive printers.
Personally, I've been very happy with my Adventure 5M. For about $60 you can print/buy an enclosure kit which makes it decent for more advanced filaments. It's as fast as any of the prints under $500. However, at 220^3 it's one of the smallest build areas (if only because most printers do a bit more than 220 tall). With the enclosure this printer can do more engineering filaments. The 5M Pro is factory enclosed with air filtration and chamber temp control. The 5X is multicolor but I haven't seen reviews yet. All support printing from USB or via the network through Orca Slicer.
The Bambu A1 + multi material unit is fast, prints nicely and has a solid color charger. The down side would be concerns regarding locked down software and being an open bed slinger. Still, might be the best option for PLA so long as you didn't mind the size (MMU sits next to the printer) and locked software.
I'm not sure if you can get a Creality K1 Max for your budget. They had a rocky start but seem sorted now. As for table space the K1p takes up basically no more space vs the BL A1 but it's a 300x300 enclosed Core XY printer. It's a great unit is single color is ok.
Not sure about Elegoo or Anycubic. They might be good but I would check some reviews. My brother has an ELEGOO Neptune 4 Plus and is happy with it as an upgrade to an older Longer LK5 Pro (think old Ender 3 but larger build volume). It's fast (comparable to X1C
https://www.tomshardware.com/news/3d-printer-speed-hierarchy) but has drawbacks associated with a large, open bed slinger.
Sorry, it's a long read but hopefully it helps!