Hasn't Columbian been out of business for a long time now?
It’s a vise.
People on this forum still routinely find fully functional vises from 100 years ago, or longer.
“New Old Stock” vises from 50+ years ago still show up on eBay.
Industrial suppliers used to purchase tools like vises by the pallet, maybe of mixed models, likely to get a much better wholesale cost or to save on freight shipping, and then those tools would wind up on a shelf till someone wanted to buy a vise.
Sometimes stuff would remain on the shelves for decades.
The same thing used to happen in supply closets at industrial facilities and manufacturers.
That said, that style of vise is still being manufactured in the USA by Morgan, and you can buy the vises now from Zoro and probably Grainger, and other vise manufacturers likely made very similar vises, probably to some Federal specification.
The vise in OP’s pic has differences to the Morgan version, so it’s likely not a Morgan.
The other possibility is some Chinese or Taiwanese clone of one of the common US vises, since it is usually easier to just copy a functional design than to work out the engineering again.
