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Farmer J.

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I appreciate the comments. I enjoy making stuff when I have a reason to. Hopefully one day I will run into some of the bits to add to the set. Probably a slim chance, but I'll keep an eye out. Note taken on the slotted screws. I just haven't dumped out several mason jars yet to look. I know I have some, so those will get changed out once I find them.
Ah, the Mason Jars full of old fasteners, there's a real challenge! Sure you will get to it sometime, and I look forward to see the results. Thanks for taking my comment in good heart as it was intended and not taking offence. Always enjoy your posts and your discerning collection.
 
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RTM

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Ah, the Mason Jars full of old fasteners, there's a real challenge! Sure you will get to it sometime, and I look forward to see the results. .
More than one way to do that old fastener thing. Last pic was 222#, all in, boxes, bottles and fasteners. Threw out a few jars, slowly weeding thru them, moving them into organized storage. Found several weird sized screws in one bottle, salvaged a buffing motor, a spokeshave, and something that’s escaping me right now.


currently up to three Akro bin boxes full I suppose, just need a few hours to spread every out, and get it in order


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One of these is full, 2 or 3 sizes to a drawer, one is stashed on a shelf waiting for machine screws, the next will get mixed with the currently full one, and the electrical crimps etc will move to a smaller one.



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Mike'smeatshop

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More than one way to do that old fastener thing. Last pic was 222#, all in, boxes, bottles and fasteners. Threw out a few jars, slowly weeding thru them, moving them into organized storage. Found several weird sized screws in one bottle, salvaged a buffing motor, a spokeshave, and something that’s escaping me right now.


currently up to three Akro bin boxes full I suppose, just need a few hours to spread every out, and get it in order


IMG_20200201_114254-X3.jpg
IMG_5157-X2.jpg

IMG_0947-X2.jpg

One of these is full, 2 or 3 sizes to a drawer, one is stashed on a shelf waiting for machine screws, the next will get mixed with the currently full one, and the electrical crimps etc will move to a smaller one.



IMG_3839-X2.jpg
I need those bins bad. I still have my dad's and as time goes, they dry up and fall apart. Good luck. If he needs a bunch to complete the project. I am sure to have them.
 
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AntiqueBen

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Ah, the Mason Jars full of old fasteners, there's a real challenge! Sure you will get to it sometime, and I look forward to see the results. Thanks for taking my comment in good heart as it was intended and not taking offence. Always enjoy your posts and your discerning collection.
Thanks FarmerJ. I enjoy your posts as well. Life's too short to get worked up over the small stuff. Yeah, I've got over 30 large mason jars full of old fasteners. Probably worth a small fortune in today's hardware prices 😉 I'm sure I can find what I need in there.
 
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AntiqueBen

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@AntiqueBen -
It did not occur to me to look in the other "Smith" folder until I started re-arranging files and found these. (photos: ebay)

Note the 1892 ad touting "Socket Wrench" and showing what appear to be a hex socket and a square socket. The 1905 Walworth snippet is rather interesting.


Smith / Smith Friction Drill & Tool Co., Boston, MA / patent / ratchet drill /ratchet hand drill / patent 279032 Jun 5 1883 George W. Smith & 289110 Nov 27 1883 Daniel E. Kempster & patent 610773 Sep 13 1898 Benjamin F. Smith /
Thanks 4C!! Awesome info & pics. I like seeing other pics for comparison. Right away I can see several construction differences between mine & the one in the pics & Walworth ad. The head of my ratchet is made completely different, especially around the opening. Mine is 10" long & the name & patent is on the head vs. on the handle like the others. I'm gonna guess & say mine is an older design based on how the head of my ratchet is compared to the Walworth ad. Look how the opening on the later ones appear to spin within the protruded part, where as my entire protruded part spins with the opening. Pics below for comparison.
 

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AntiqueBen

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@AntiqueBen -
It did not occur to me to look in the other "Smith" folder until I started re-arranging files and found these. (photos: ebay)

Note the 1892 ad touting "Socket Wrench" and showing what appear to be a hex socket and a square socket. The 1905 Walworth snippet is rather interesting.


Smith / Smith Friction Drill & Tool Co., Boston, MA / patent / ratchet drill /ratchet hand drill / patent 279032 Jun 5 1883 George W. Smith & 289110 Nov 27 1883 Daniel E. Kempster & patent 610773 Sep 13 1898 Benjamin F. Smith /
I also found this ad from The Railway Review from 1893. Pretty interesting. It describes how the Smith ratchet works & all the different options it offers. I like how this ad says the Smith ratchet is a "departure from the old time ratchet drill."
 

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Private Lugnutz

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It's odd how gearless cam/roller-based friction clutch type ratchets never really grabbed hold, to be punny, in the industry, in the way that coarse- or fine-tooth gears and pawls did. And if you plotted the timeline of them making a brief splash, it would look like an amplitude wave. Smith in 1893. Allen (Allen, and Billings "Friction" Ratchet) in 1911. Pfauser (Blackhawk "Freewheeling" Ratchet) in 1932. [Skipping ahead because I don't know of any others off the top of my head...] Headen (Radian Drive) in 1984.

I wouldn't bet against 17-year utility patent durations having at least a little something to do with it.

That cycle of expirations, for comparison, would be 1893 - 1910 - 1927 - 1944 - 1961 - 1978.

Now look at the expiration dates and new patent dates sequenced together.

1893 (1893) - 1910 (1911) - 1927 (1932) - 1944 (?) - 1961 (?) - 1978 (1984).

This is not something I want to do a deep dive on - and "duty of candor" and prior art statements were not law until 1977, so I am not sure how much I would find in the Allen and Pfauser patents anyway. But interesting.
 
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AntiqueBen

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It's odd how gearless cam/roller-based friction clutch type ratchets never really grabbed hold, to be punny, in the industry, in the way that coarse- or fine-tooth gears and pawls did. And if you plotted the timeline of them making a brief splash, it would look like an amplitude wave. Smith in 1893. Allen (Allen, and Billings "Friction" Ratchet) in 1911. Pfauser (Blackhawk "Freewheeling" Ratchet) in 1932. [Skipping ahead because I don't know of any others off the top of my head...] Headen (Radian Drive) in 1984.

I wouldn't bet against 17-year utility patent durations having at least a little something to do with it.

That cycle of expirations, for comparison, would be 1893 - 1910 - 1927 - 1944 - 1961 - 1978.

Now look at the expiration dates and new patent dates sequenced together.

1893 (1893) - 1910 (1911) - 1927 (1932) - 1944 (?) - 1961 (?) - 1978 (1984).

This is not something I want to do a deep dive on - and "duty of candor" and prior art statements were not law until 1977, so I am not sure how much I would find in the Allen and Pfauser patents anyway. But interesting.
Don't forget Cornwell. Here's my gearless 3/4" ratchet (pic below). Probably from the early 1930's. It's difficult to pin down an exact year because Cornwell is known for always saying "Pat Applied For" & having no patent at all. Interesting thought Lugz. It would be cool to try & put together a collection of all the gearless cam-roller rats, but I'm sure there may be some we're forgetting about.
 

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Private Lugnutz

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I didn't cite Cornwell because there is no patent date and probably no patent. The same marking appears on the standard (1/2-inch) drive version. Keep in mind that 'Patent Applied For', 'Patent Pending', and 'Patent Allowed' are legal terms meaning different things. Cornwell would've been subject to a stiff penalty (per item!) for marking those ratchets 'Patent Applied For' if they had not submitted an application. AA takes a weird, misleading position on these cases ("has not yet been found"), which would be more appropriate for 'Patent Pending.' It's almost certain that no patent was granted. And it very well could be due to their design being technically indistinguishable from the Pfauser patent.
 
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AntiqueBen

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I didn't cite Cornwell because there is no patent date and probably no patent. The same marking appears on the standard (1/2-inch) drive version. Keep in mind that 'Patent Applied For', 'Patent Pending', and 'Patent Allowed' are legal terms meaning different things. Cornwell would've been subject to a stiff penalty (per item!) for marking those ratchets 'Patent Applied For' if they had not submitted an application. AA takes a weird, misleading position on these cases ("has not yet been found"), which would be more appropriate for 'Patent Pending.' It's almost certain that no patent was granted. And it very well could be due to their design being technically indistinguishable from the Pfauser patent.
Cornwell is still in business today (over 100 yrs) and they only have 2 patents. One for a soldering iron & one for a universal coupling. They have made many tools for over 100 yrs and don't have even one tool patent? How is this? Even if they're working off of another patent, you would think they would have to cite that patent number somewhere on a tool, an ad or something. I could be wrong but I've never seen a Cornwell tool that cites another patent.

Cornwell is kinda in a league of their own by producing & selling tools for over a century & doesn't have a single tool patent.
 

Private Lugnutz

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Just a different business model and approach more concerned with a quality product than protecting its design. There were a handful of hand tool makers who weren't prolific published inventors, including Herbrand, Klein, even Pexto, believe it or not, and most prominently the very popular Plomb. Whereas others were constantly publishing patents, such as Walden, Williams, Armstrong, and Snap-on.
 
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AntiqueBen

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I didn't cite Cornwell because there is no patent date and probably no patent. The same marking appears on the standard (1/2-inch) drive version. Keep in mind that 'Patent Applied For', 'Patent Pending', and 'Patent Allowed' are legal terms meaning different things. Cornwell would've been subject to a stiff penalty (per item!) for marking those ratchets 'Patent Applied For' if they had not submitted an application. AA takes a weird, misleading position on these cases ("has not yet been found"), which would be more appropriate for 'Patent Pending.' It's almost certain that no patent was granted. And it very well could be due to their design being technically indistinguishable from the Pfauser patent.
Help me understand something. The "Pat Applied For" reference would imply you have applied for a patent. So, was Cornwell's patent application not approved or rejected for some reason??
Just a different business model and approach more concerned with a quality product than protecting its design. There were a handful of hand tool makers who weren't prolific inventors, including Herbrand, Klein, even Pexto, believe it or not, and most prominently the very popular Plomb. Whereas others were constantly publishing patents, such as Walden, Williams, Armstrong, and Snap-on.
Help me understand something. The "Pat Applied For" reference would imply you have applied for a patent. So, was Cornwell's patent application not approved or rejected for some reason?? "Applied For" to me means you have filled out the necessary paperwork & submitted it for approval?
 

four.cycle

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Private Lugnutz said:
There were a handful of hand tool makers who weren't prolific published inventors

^ definitely. Some companies don't seem to have any patents at all. Others (like Stanley) have no end of patents.
 

Private Lugnutz

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So, was Cornwell's patent application not approved or rejected for some reason??
Yes, that is the most plausible way to interpret it, as I stated above. And the most plausible reason, also stated above, is that it had insufficient novelty, according to the USPTO inspectors, in comparison to a ratchet with a current utility patent. That doesn't mean Cornwell was prevented from producing them. It does mean they probably would've been subject to infringement if taken to court. If it was Blackhawk's freewheeler that gummed Cornwell up with the USPTO, perhaps Blackhawk didn't care or bother. Or perhaps Cornwell was paying Blackhawk a licensing fee. Or perhaps it was none of the above. All we know for sure is they applied and it was almost assuredly not granted.

There is another possibility. It's possible that a patent was granted and Cornwell just didn't bother marking it on the tool.

Believe it or not, there is a very prominent example. New Britain never put any of the Costello patent numbers on their late 1930's to late 1940's workhorse, which was the rat inside all their in-house sets as well as their Craftsman BE and Circle-H production! All of the ratchets they made are marked PAT PEND well after the patents were granted. My theory, which empirical data overwhelmingly supports, is that NB never bothered changing the dies through all the rapid changes, the first of which almost certainly occurred before the patent was even granted. It was wartime. But that was PAT PEND, which offered them considerable protection, especially in those circumstances.

Cornwell investing in applying for a patent, a patent being granted, and continuing with PAT APPLD FOR, which offers no protection, is unlikely, makes little to no sense, in my opinion. And, whether they chose to mark their ratchets with the hypothetical number or not, a number would surely have been known/found.
 
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AntiqueBen

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I love a good mystery tool. Here is one I just purchased. Seller said he doesn't know what it is & can't see any marks. I was going to purchase this ratchet about a year or two ago & then it disappeared. It resurfaced for sale again, so I bought it. This has about the weirdest lever mechanism I've ever seen. Seller says it's in good working order. It looks to have knurling on the handle. I can't wait to clean this one up. Anyone ever seen anything like this??
 

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AntiqueBen

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I found this Bethlehem Spark Plug Co ratchet pretty cheap. Looks to be in good shape. I don't know much about Bethlehem, but I don't think they made many ratchets since spark plugs were their primary focus. I regret not buying an entire set with sockets several years ago, but the ratchet with the plug is a good find.
 

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AntiqueBen

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When you read the thread you'll see some discussion about the confirmed foundries they used for the ratchet, Herbrand and Bonney, and my theory on Bonney using the experience to expand their line and enter the drive tools market. Yours was made by Bonney.
Just went through the Bethlehem thread. Very interesting discussion. Also some cool mysteries related to Bethlehem tools. I like a good mystery.

Edit: I actually just noticed the "B" in the shield logo at the bottom of my handle. I haven't received this one yet. Good eye. I'm guessing that's how you know Bonney made this one.
 
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AntiqueBen

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I know it's only speculation until I receive this thing, but this odd lever mechanism has me perplexed. Why the spring? Why not just a simple lever? Maybe it has to do with how the lever works in relation to how the inner mechanism works I suppose. I've never seen anything like this before. I'll also be interested to see if there are any marks hiding underneath all the years of grime.
 

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AntiqueBen

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The spring keeps the selector at the bottom of that groove
I think your right. It just hit me if the spring wasn't there, the selector may be free to slide back & forth. Just seems odd that what helps keep the selector in place is on the outside of the ratchet.
 

Private Lugnutz

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I regret not buying an entire set with sockets several years ago,...
You might see a partial set missing its ratchet some day. Stranger things have happened in this hobby. I have one, for example. I've been waiting to run into a ratchet and a sliding L/T bar that are missing from a "Set G" I found at the flea a couple years ago. If it was a partial "Set D" I would not hesitate to offer it to you right here and now, because I already have one. But the "G" sets were a little later, when Bethlehem was partnered with Splitdorf, and even though they came in the same orange box, same cool double latch, with a very similar looking decal, the layout was different and some of the contents, including a unique wingnut socket, a drain plug socket, four 4-point sockets, an adaptor, and two drag link bits. If you scrolled through the whole thread you may have seen it with its vacant ratchet spot here. When one of us runs out of patience, sooner or later, we should probably put them together, one way or another. Something to jot down in your little black book anyway.
 
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AntiqueBen

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You might see a partial set missing its ratchet some day. Stranger things have happened in this hobby. I have one, for example. I've been waiting to run into a ratchet and a sliding L/T bar that are missing from a "Set G" I found at the flea a couple years ago. If it was a partial "Set D" I would not hesitate to offer it to you right here and now, because I already have one. But the "G" sets were a little later, when Bethlehem was partnered with Splitdorf, and even though they came in the same orange box, same cool double latch, with a very similar looking decal, the layout was different and some of the contents, including a unique wingnut socket, a drain plug socket, four 4-point sockets, an adaptor, and two drag link bits. If you scrolled through the whole thread you may have seen it with its vacant ratchet spot here. When one of us runs out of patience, sooner or later, we should probably put them together, one way or another. Something to jot down in your little black book anyway.
I have a love for ratchets, so I'm guilty of picking up lone ratchets all the time. I like having complete sets, but I'm often satisfied with just the ratchet. I do have some sockets on my watch list though, like Contal & any late 1800's versions. I'm always looking for Craftsman circle K (SK) 3/4" sockets & the late 20's Blackhawk 3/4" sockets too.
 

four.cycle

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^ Bethlehem shows up frequently on ebay, usually partial sets or oddball bits and pieces. Most all of it is ridiculously over-priced, of course.
 
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AntiqueBen

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I would love to find the original sockets to this Blackhawk (model 916) 3/4" rat. I "think" Blackhawk made the first broached 3/4" sockets around 1925 or so.
 

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Private Lugnutz

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I have a love for ratchets, so I'm guilty of picking up lone ratchets all the time. I like having complete sets, but I'm often satisfied with just the ratchet.
Oh, I have a pretty overloaded orphan ratchet drawer myself. I think the same goes for many, many, many guys here. But collecting ratchets, collecting sets, collecting partial sets, collecting other handles and pieces onesy-twosy, and sometimes putting them together are not mutually exclusive activities.
 

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AntiqueBen

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Oh, I have a pretty overloaded orphan ratchet drawer myself. I think the same goes for many, many, many guys here. But collecting ratchets, collecting sets, collecting partial sets, collecting other handles and pieces onesy-twosy, and sometimes putting them together are not mutually exclusive activities.
I know what you mean. This stack is stuffed full of ratchets & my sets are in another spot. I guess it's a sickness, but one I enjoy 😉
 

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Oldtuleguy

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I would love to find the original sockets to this Blackhawk (model 916) 3/4" rat. I "think" Blackhawk made the first broached 3/4" sockets around 1925 or so.
They were indeed an early adopter of 3/4 drive
 

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cody1325

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SK 45170 that I still use regularly. I bought it off eBay cheap in a big lot a few years ago. A little cleaning, and new grease made it work as smooth as a new one.

SK in a diamond I think means early '50s, but I'm not sure.

IMG_20230710_151553_1.jpg

The full set:

KIMG0172.JPG

Also included was a Craftsman 1/4 drive ratchet from the late '60s.

KIMG0175.JPG
 

Private Lugnutz

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I found this Greene, Tweed, & Co. FAVORITE REVERSIBLE RATCHET WRENCH No. 1 at the flea market this morning. These came with removable heads in several hex size combinations as well as square drive openings for male drive tang socket wrenches. @Patrick Eubanks posted that version and set upthread here. Lots of neat ads upthread following that post, which the anti-redundancy curmudgeon in me is not going to repost. These track rats were indeed the "Favorites" of yard gangs from 1892 well into the 'Teens.
 

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AntiqueBen

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I found this Greene, Tweed, & Co. FAVORITE REVERSIBLE RATCHET WRENCH No. 1 at the flea market this morning. These came with removable heads in several hex size combinations as well as square drive openings for male drive tang socket wrenches. @Patrick Eubanks posted that version and set upthread here. Lots of neat ads upthread following that post, which the anti-redundancy curmudgeon in me is not going to repost. These track rats were indeed the "Favorites" of yard gangs from 1892 well into the 'Teens.
Nice find Lugz. That is a cool ratchet. Very unique design.
 

Private Lugnutz

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The Authentic Jersey Shore
It's easy to see why it was so popular. Very simple, but effective. That switch is connected to a spring-fed pawl. Just remove the set screw and pull the switch all the way back to pop the head out. Based on the trade mags, it looks like the version with a square drive opening that took male drive tang sockets operated the same way. @Patrick Eubanks could confirm.
 
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